Inter-cluster Power Control of Modular Multilevel Converters with Integrated Battery Energy Storage for EV Low Voltage Operation

This paper presents a method to operate each MMC cluster with independent powers during low ac voltage operation. The method reduces the use of circulating current in low voltage conditions. This facilitatates the state of charge balance of MMCs with integrated BESS in the clusters for such conditions. The method is proposed for EVs but other applications could eventually make use of it.